Now, researchers from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), in collaboration with a number of other research institutes including K MIKIMOTO & CO, LTD, Pearl Research Institute and Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, have constructed a high-quality, chromosome-scale genome of pearl oysters, which they hope can be used to find resilient strains. But in the last 20 years, a combination of new diseases and red tides has seen production of Japan’s pearls drop from around 70,000 kg a year to just 20,000 kg. In the early 1990s, this aquaculture industry was bringing in around 88 billion yen ($622 million) annually. Pearl oysters are an important aquaculture species in Japan, as they produce the beautiful pearls that are sought after for necklaces, earrings and rings.
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